Low-carb diet type 1 diabetes

By | August 10, 2020

low-carb diet type 1 diabetes

Currently, more than million people have diabetes worldwide 1. Although diabetes is a complicated disease, maintaining good blood sugar levels can greatly reduce the risk of complications 2, 3. One of the ways to achieve better blood sugar levels is to follow a low carb diet. When blood sugar levels go up, the pancreas responds by producing the hormone insulin. This hormone allows blood sugar to enter cells. In people without diabetes, blood sugar levels remain within a narrow range throughout the day. This is a big problem, because having both too high and too low blood sugar levels can cause severe harm. There are several types of diabetes, but the two most common ones are type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Low-carb and ketogenic diets are popular among clinicians and patients, but the appropriateness of reducing carbohydrates intake in obese patients and in patients with diabetes is still debated. Studies in the literature are indeed controversial, possibly because these diets are generally poorly defined; this, together with the intrinsic complexity of dietary interventions, makes it difficult to compare results from different studies. Despite the evidence that reducing carbohydrates intake lowers body weight and, in patients with type 2 diabetes, improves glucose control, few data are available about sustainability, safety and efficacy in the long-term. In this review we explored the possible role of low-carb and ketogenic diets in the pathogenesis and management of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Furthermore, we also reviewed evidence of carbohydrates restriction in both pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, through gut microbiota modification, and treatment of type 1 diabetes, addressing the legitimate concerns about the use of such diets in patients who are ketosis-prone and often have not completed their growth. According to the International Diabetes Federation 8th Diabetes Atlas, about million people worldwide have diabetes and, if the current trends continue, million of people aged 20—79 will have diabetes by [ 1 ]. Nutrition is key for preventing type 2 diabetes T2D and obesity, but there are no evidence-based data defining the best dietary approach to prevent and treat these conditions. In the last decades, low carbohydrate diets LCD and ketogenic diets KD have become widely known and popular ways to lose weight, not only within the scientific community, but also among the general public, with best-selling dedicated books or intense discussion on social media networks staying at the top of the diet trend list for years.

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1 low-carb diabetes type diet

A low-carb diet can help people with diabetes better manage their blood sugar levels. Carbohydrates or carbs raise blood glucose more than other foods, meaning the body must produce more insulin to digest them. Reducing carb intake can help stabilize blood glucose. It may also counteract some other effects of diabetes, such as weight gain and heart disease. Despite this, low-carb diets also carry some risks, including vitamin and mineral deficiencies.

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